discovered 30 Mar 2026

ROPgadget

Python ★ 4390 via github-topic

AI Summary: ROPgadget is a tool designed to facilitate Return-Oriented Programming (ROP) exploitation by allowing users to search for gadgets within binary files. It supports multiple file formats (ELF, PE, Mach-O, Raw) and architectures (x86, x64, ARM, ARM64, MIPS, PowerPC, Sparc, RISC-V 64) and employs the Capstone disassembler for efficient gadget identification. Notable features include customizable search parameters, ROP chain generation, and support for various opcode and string searching capabilities.

README

ROPgadget Tool

This tool lets you search your gadgets on your binaries to facilitate your ROP exploitation. ROPgadget supports ELF/PE/Mach-O/Raw formats on x86, x64, ARM, ARM64, PowerPC, SPARC, MIPS, RISC-V 64, and RISC-V Compressed architectures.

Install

The easiest way is installing ROPgadget from PyPi:

$ sudo apt install python3-pip
$ sudo -H python3 -m pip install ROPgadget
$ ROPgadget --help

Alternatively you can install ROPgadget from source. You have to install Capstone first.

For the Capstone’s installation on nix machine:

$ sudo apt install python3-pip
$ sudo -H python3 -m pip install capstone

Capstone supports multi-platforms (windows, ios, android, cygwin…). For the cross-compilation, please refer to the https://github.com/capstone-engine/capstone/blob/master/COMPILE.TXT file.

After Capstone is installed, ROPgadget can be used as a standalone tool:

$ python3 ROPgadget.py --help

Or installed into the Python site-packages library, and executed from $PATH.

$ sudo -H python3 setup.py install
$ ROPgadget --help

Usage

usage: ROPgadget.py [-h] [-v] [-c] [--binary <binary>] [--opcode <opcodes>]
                    [--string <string>] [--memstr <string>] [--depth <nbyte>]
                    [--only <key>] [--filter <key>] [--range <start-end>]
                    [--badbytes <byte>] [--rawArch <arch>] [--rawMode <mode>]
                    [--rawEndian <endian>] [--re <re>] [--offset <hexaddr>]
                    [--ropchain] [--thumb] [--console] [--norop] [--nojop]
                    [--callPreceded] [--nosys] [--multibr] [--all] [--noinstr]
                    [--dump] [--silent] [--align ALIGN] [--mipsrop <rtype>]

description:
  ROPgadget lets you search your gadgets on a binary. It supports several
  file formats and architectures and uses the Capstone disassembler for
  the search engine.

formats supported:
  - ELF
  - PE
  - Mach-O
  - Raw

architectures supported:
  - x86
  - x86-64
  - ARM
  - ARM64
  - MIPS
  - PowerPC
  - Sparc
  - RISC-V 64
  - RISC-V Compressed

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -v, --version         Display the ROPgadget's version
  -c, --checkUpdate     Checks if a new version is available
  --binary <binary>     Specify a binary filename to analyze
  --opcode <opcodes>    Search opcode in executable segment
  --string <string>     Search string in readable segment
  --memstr <string>     Search each byte in all readable segment
  --depth <nbyte>       Depth for search engine (default 10)
  --only <key>          Only show specific instructions
  --filter <key>        Suppress specific mnemonics
  --range <start-end>   Search between two addresses (0x...-0x...)
  --badbytes <byte>     Rejects specific bytes in the gadget's address
  --rawArch <arch>      Specify an arch for a raw file
                        x86|arm|arm64|sparc|mips|ppc|riscv
  --rawMode <mode>      Specify a mode for a raw file 32|64|arm|thumb
  --rawEndian <endian>  Specify an endianness for a raw file little|big
  --re <re>             Regular expression
  --offset <hexaddr>    Specify an offset for gadget addresses
  --ropchain            Enable the ROP chain generation
  --thumb               Use the thumb mode for the search engine (ARM only)
  --console             Use an interactive console for search engine
  --norop               Disable ROP search engine
  --nojop               Disable JOP search engine
  --callPreceded        Only show gadgets which are call-preceded
  --nosys               Disable SYS search engine
  --multibr             Enable multiple branch gadgets
  --all                 Disables the removal of duplicate gadgets
  --noinstr             Disable the gadget instructions console printing
  --dump                Outputs the gadget bytes
  --silent              Disables printing of gadgets during analysis
  --align ALIGN         Align gadgets addresses (in bytes)
  --mipsrop <rtype>     MIPS useful gadgets finder
                        stackfinder|system|tails|lia0|registers

examples:
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --ropchain
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --depth 3
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --string "main"
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --string "m..n"
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --opcode c9c3
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --only "mov|ret"
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --only "mov|pop|xor|ret"
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --filter "xchg|add|sub|cmov.*"
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --norop --nosys
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --range 0x08041000-0x08042000
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --string main --range 0x080c9aaa-0x080c9aba
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --memstr "/bin/sh"
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --console
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-x86 --badbytes "00|01-1f|7f|42"
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/Linux_lib64.so --offset 0xdeadbeef00000000
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-ARMv7-ls --depth 5
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-ARM64-bash --depth 5
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/raw-x86.raw --rawArch=x86 --rawMode=32
  ROPgadget.py --binary ./test-suite-binaries/elf-Linux-RISCV_64 --depth 8